Operation control
AQ devices operating parameters control
Operating parameters control
One operator is required for servicing AQUACHLOR-500 for routine operating parameters control . One worker (working in one shift) is required for preparation of initial brine with concentration of 200 to 250 g/l in the amount of up to 3600 liters daily.
Input oxidants adjustment is made by way of changing quantity of operating AQ-500 modules or by way of changing current strength at each module’s individual power control unit. AQUACHLOR becomes automatically disconnected if water (which mixes with oxidants to become oxidants solution) stops running through any of AQ modules. AQUACHLOR also becomes automatically disconnected in case if the reactor’s temperature exceeds 55 degrees.
One of the main technological features of AQUACHLOR is that brine consumption for synthesis of the oxidants in the reactor’s anode chamber is fully determined by current strength, brine efficiency remaining equal to 99,5 % at any current magnitude. This allows to carry out exact dosing of oxidants into the disinfected water by way of changing the oxidants concentration in the "chlorine water" – the oxidants solution by adjusting current strength.
Oxidants concentration control
Mixed oxidants solution produced in AQUACHLOR devices is more effective antimicrobial and oxidizing reagent than solutions of mono substances that are formed upon dissolving in water of chlorine only , dioxide chlorine only or ozone only as chemical reactions with mixed oxidants solution submit to synergism principles and presence of small amount of stronger oxidizers than chlorine prevents formation of trihalomethanes during treatment of water containing big amount of humus compounds.
In this connection local institutions of State Sanitary and Epidemiologic Service are recommended to specify at regular intervals summary concentration of oxidants required for water disinfection for the purpose of it’s reduction in comparison with the existing standards.
Summary concentration of oxidants in the solution produced in AQUACHLOR devices should be defined by means of one of the following methods:
- Titrimetric method of defining summary concentration of strong oxidizers marked in equivalent of "active chlorine" concentration;
- Photometric express-method of defining summary concentration of strong oxidizers marked in equivalent of "active chlorine" concentration.
Oxidants concentration in the treated water should be define in accordance with standard principles provided for and approved in the established order by the respective normative documents.
Oxidants concentration calculation and control for water disinfection in the systems of drinking water supply
Disinfection of domestic drinking water by the oxidants solution produced by AQUACHLOR devices is carried out under Sanitary Requirements 2.1.4.1074-01 «Drinking water. Hygienic requirements on the quality of water provided by the centralized systems of drinking water supply. Quality control” according to which chlorinity of water after clean water tank should be within the limits shown in the table below.
|
Residual chlorine |
Concentration of residual chlorine, mg/l |
Required time for chlorine contact with water, min, not less than |
|
1. Free |
0,3 – 0,5 |
30 |
|
2. Fixed |
0,8 – 1,2 |
60 |
Chlorinity control is carried out by the specialists of the company running the devices. Water quality control before supplying it to consumers is carried out at discretion of local sanitary inspections at all stages of water treatment. At simultaneous existence in water of both free and fixed chlorine their general concentration should not exceed 1,2 mg/l. In case of epidemiological risks higher concentration of residual chlorine in water is permitted by instructions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological authorities. In case of necessity to fight biological epibioses in water-supply lines infeeding points ad chlorine dozes are agreed with the Sanitary Epidemiological Services. At the stage of controlled running of specific water supply systems a chlorine doze that will be supplied to the distribution systems and will guarantee final technological effect (which is water disinfection to according to standards set out in the Sanitary requirements 2.1.4.1074-01 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements on the quality of water provided by the centralized systems of drinking water supply. Quality control" ) is worked out.
Control and calculations of the oxidants concentration for household and industrial wastewater disinfection
Wastewater is characterized by high level of organic load. Empirically set values of disinfecting concentrations of active chlorine in wastewater can reach 15 mg/l. Accordingly oxidants solution produced in AQUACHLOR devices with oxidants content of 1 g/l should be diluted at a ratio of 1:66 when supplied to wastewater. Treated wastewater is used for production of oxidants solution.
Example. Oxidants solution with concentration of 1,0 g/l (1000 mg/l) is produced by AQUACHLOR device. For obtaining active chlorine dose of 5 mg/l with the help of the oxidants solution it is required to add 1 liter of the oxidants solution to every 200 liters of wastewater (1000:5). When calculating active chlorine dose for treatment of contaminated water, chlorine absorption value of the water defined in accordance with ASTM D 1291-89 standards should be considered.
Active chlorine dose should exceed chlorine absorption specific value of the water in such a way that active chlorine concentration in water could provide required technological effect ( disinfection level, clarification degree etc). Wastewater is partly settled when adding oxidants solution to it as a result of coagulation of organic compounds and should be kept precipitation wells. After the treated wastewater passes bacteriological contamination control it should be supplied to precipitation tanks of the second grade where it can be for the second time disinfected by the above described method. Disinfected wastewater taking out should be agreed in every particular case with local State Sanitary Epidemiologic Service authorities in full compliance with Sanitary requirements (SanPin 2.1.5.980-00 "Hygienic regulations of surface waters protection").
Evaluation of free and fixed chlorine in water is carried out by means of titrimetric method according to "ISO 7393-1" (when summary chlorine concentration is less than 5 mg/l) and according to "ISO 7393-2" (when summary chlorine concentration exceeds 5 mg/l) , by iodometric titration according to "ISO 7393-3" or by colorimetric evaluation under "ISO 7393-2".
Oxidants concentration calculation and control for water disinfection in swimming pools
The oxidants solution should be continuously or at regular intervals supplied to the swimming pools For swimming pools’ bowl for water disinfection. The pool’s water in this case is used for the oxidants solution generation. Äëÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ ðàñòâîðà îêñèäàíòîâ â ýòîì ñëó÷àå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ, ñîáñòâåííî, âîäà áàññåéíà. Chlorine concentration in the pool’s water should be within the limits of 0,3 - 0,5 mg/l. For example, in order to get active chlorine concentration of 0,5 mg/l in the pool of 100 m3 in volume it is required to supply 50 liters of the oxidants solution with concentration of 1 g/l. In the first tree days after pumping water into swimming pool the oxidants solution supply should be increased by 20 - 50%. In this case stable chlorinity (not less than 0,3 mg/l) is achieved. The oxidants solution is supplied to the pool’s recirculation system from the in-between collecting tank. Preventive "shock" water impact by the oxidants solution is carried out 1-2 times per month during the night time. The quantity of the solution should be such as to increase water chlorinity up to 1,0 - 1,5 mg/l. For example, for swimming pool of 100 m 3 the quantity of the solution should be equal to 100 - 150 l.
Application of the oxidants solution according to this mode does not increase the water's pH. Optimal values of water’s pH in the swimming pool ≈ 6,0 – 6,5.
The following measures are recommended to be taken before putting into operation of swimming pool’s water treatment system applying disinfection by the oxidants solution produced in AQUACHLOR devices:
- Filtration and recirculation systems water flush containing not less than 3-5 mgl of oxidants resulting in gradual escape of biofouling from tubing and filters. Such cleaning should be carried out from 6...24 hours depending on the previous summary operation life;
- The oxidants solution supply to the swimming pool schedule should be worked through. This schedule should provided for all alterations in the devices’ operation modes depending on change of service conditions (number of visitors, water overheating, lighting mode, duration of periods between complete change of water in swimming pool).
Near-bottom sediment (if appeared) is recommended to be removed by means of aspirating device.
